Nigeria has emerged as a role model in the implementation of local content policies, showcasing its expertise by mentoring other resource-rich countries like Uganda in developing their own industries. With a dedicated primary regulation in place, Nigeria is at the forefront of local content initiatives, aiming to retain a significant portion of the annual spending on exploration and production by international oil companies (IOCs). The focus on local content has not only stimulated the growth of indigenous service providers and contractors but also fostered mutually beneficial partnerships between international and local companies, facilitating knowledge transfer and skills development.

A significant milestone in the development of Nigeria’s indigenous industry was the divestment of IOCs from onshore and swamp fields. This move has allowed local players to acquire these oil fields, marking a game-changing moment for the indigenous industry. Nicholas Okafor, a partner at Udo Udoma & Belo Osagie, a Nigerian law firm, explains that this divestment has had a transformative impact on the industry, empowering local companies and fueling their growth.

The Nigerian Oil and Gas Development Act, signed into law in March 2010, has been instrumental in promoting local participation in the oil and gas sector. The law aims to increase entrepreneurship and domestic assets by setting targets for the use of indigenous labor, materials, and resources in oil and gas projects. It mandates that Nigerians hold a significant percentage of managerial positions in contracts with IOCs, with increasing percentages over time. The law also requires operators to submit Nigerian content plans, giving priority to local companies and services. Furthermore, preference should be given to indigenous companies in procurement, provided the cost does not exceed the lowest bid by 10%.

The Nigerian Content and Development Monitoring Board (NCDMB), led by executive secretary Simbi Wabote, plays a vital role in implementing the law. The NCDMB sets short, medium, and long-term targets through its 10-year roadmap, focusing on technical capability development, compliance and enforcement, enabling business environment, organizational capability, and market linkages. The NCDMB’s efforts aim to create over 300,000 jobs by 2027. The board has also established the Nigerian Content Intervention Fund (NCIF) and a consultative forum to provide funding options and promote transparency.

While Nigeria’s local content policy has achieved significant success, there are areas that require strengthening. Transparency in accessing the NCDMB’s funds needs improvement, as many companies still rely on borrowing from banks at high interest rates. The NCDMB’s involvement in various aspects of the industry, such as licensing and certifications, has led to overlap with other institutions, creating unnecessary hurdles for smaller companies. Streamlining the NCDMB’s focus on monitoring and compliance could enhance the efficiency of local content implementation.

Building on the success in the oil and gas sector, there are discussions to extend the local content policy to other industries, including information and communication technology, power, solid minerals, and construction. The Nigerian Content Development and Enforcement Bill (NCDE) is under consideration, signaling a potential expansion of local content initiatives. However, it is crucial to ensure the effective implementation of the current law before venturing into new sectors.

The collaboration between the NCDMB and the Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Ltd (NLNG) for the Train 7 project exemplifies the commitment to local participation. The Nigerian Content Plan for Train 7 sets ambitious targets for in-country engineering man-hours, exceeding the minimum requirements of the Nigerian Content Act. The project is expected to generate over 10,000 jobs and promote capacity building in local industries along the LNG value chain.

Nigeria’s success in implementing local content policies has been a catalyst for economic growth and industry development. The country’s commitment to nurturing indigenous talent, fostering partnerships, and providing funding options has facilitated the growth of local service providers and contractors. While there are areas that require improvement, such as enhancing transparency in accessing funds and streamlining the NCDMB’s role, Nigeria’s local content journey serves as an inspiration for other nations seeking to maximize their resources and promote domestic participation in key industries.