On May 13th, 2018, Turkey experienced a devastating mining disaster in Soma, resulting in the loss of 301 miners’ lives. The incident exposed serious safety deficiencies in the mine, such as a lack of carbon monoxide detectors, poorly maintained gas masks, and inadequate ventilation. This tragedy, along with previous mining accidents in Turkey, has highlighted the urgent need to address occupational safety in the country’s mining industry. This article explores the challenges faced by the Turkish mining sector, the efforts to improve safety regulations, the role of technology and training, and the importance of cultivating a safety-oriented culture within mining companies.

Turkey has a history of poor occupational safety, particularly in mining. In 2017, 2006 workers lost their lives in occupational accidents, with 93 deaths occurring in the mining sector alone. Comparatively, South Africa, with a larger mining industry, recorded 82 mining deaths during the same period. The Soma mining disaster revealed negligence in safety equipment and ventilation, while the Ermenek mine tragedy exposed flaws in alarm systems and adherence to recommended protocols. These incidents underscore the pressing need for effective measures to reduce mining fatalities.

In response to the Soma and Ermenek accidents, Turkish lawmakers introduced a new occupational health and safety law. The legislation mandated the appointment of health and safety managers and the adoption of European standard regulations for coal mines. While aligning with international standards is a positive step, it has also imposed additional costs on mines not involved in underground mining operations. Some mine owners have sought to evade responsibility for accidents, leading to unintended consequences that hinder progress. The mining industry must take greater responsibility and actively participate in shaping safety regulations to achieve meaningful improvements.

Proper training, rules, and the use of technology are essential elements in improving mining safety. Companies like Marmotek Madencilik and Pasinex prioritize occupational safety through comprehensive training programs, the introduction of advanced technology, and adherence to local and international standards. Effective safety measures include providing personal protective equipment, implementing emergency response plans, and monitoring personnel through surveillance systems. Mechanization of mining activities can also minimize risks and remove workers from hazardous environments. These proactive approaches demonstrate the potential for enhanced safety outcomes in the industry.

Beyond regulations and technology, fostering a safety-oriented culture within mining companies is crucial. Experts emphasize the significance of instilling a culture that prioritizes safety and encourages responsible behavior. An organization’s culture shapes employees’ actions and perceptions of what is required and acceptable. Disciplinary measures alone are insufficient; a strong safety culture is essential for sustained improvements. However, cultivating such a culture requires a concerted effort from mining companies and a shift in mindset toward prioritizing work safety above all else.

Turkey’s mining industry faces significant challenges in improving occupational safety. Efforts to enhance regulations, implement advanced technology, and provide comprehensive training are crucial steps toward preventing further tragedies. However, the development of a safety-oriented culture within mining companies is equally important. Only through a combination of robust regulations, technological advancements, and a shared commitment to safety can Turkey’s mining sector mitigate risks and protect the lives of its workers.